Health And Safety Hazards For Sewage Treatment Plant Construction Essay

Health And Safety Hazards For Sewage Treatment Plant Construction Essay All tanks and chambers above the safe flood level and the highest flood level of the nearby rivers/drain and design to what flood return period. There any buried pipelines or cables under buildings within the treatment facility and it is clearly indicated on the layout drawings. The layout of temporary diversion and location of temporary treatment facilities. The location of the screening bins is a far from process plant but easily accessible and the basis of sizing the bins area is lorry loading? There are lifting devices provided and they are vehicle working load and they are found in open air before the uv process and can lift about 1500kg. 1.2 Access Road The facility is located not near to a public road to allow immediate access to the plant/facility The ingress and egress routes to and from the plant are suitable for desludging tankers The entrance and exit gate is not nearby the public road .Road access should be provided adjacent to the equipment or crane extended to the nearest road. If fixed crane beam extends over the road, there is the minimum vertical clearance shall be 5.5m. Adequate signage provided. Head clearance for tanker trucks entering the gate provided and the clearance height is none as there is no obstruction. Sufficient turning radius on the roads to enable access and maneuverability for tankers and heavy vehicles. Location of sludge desludging area is suitable for tankers to access and empty the sludge into the chamber. 1.3 Handrails/Guardrails and Access Ladders Safety handrails or grating been installed at walkways and around open holes at the plant. Toe plates and kick plates shall be fitted along the outer edges of all walkways or ladders and shall be part of the structure and not the floor panels. Toe plates shall extends 100mm above the top level of the floor panels. Floor panels shall be sized so that each panel does not weight more than 50 kg. Hand railing provided at all places where there is potential of falling around al tanks and other places where falling height is greater than 1.5m. Staircases provided where height is greater than 300 mm. Fixed ladder to access working areas for purposes of servicing, maintenance or normal operation works. 1.4 Precaution Against Damp All wall mounted equipment is fitted with spacers to provide minimum gap of 5 mm. All holes in equipment is sealed against the ingress of water. Any items exposed to weather or water shall be free of water traps and drain holes shall be provided where necessary. Electrical equipment which is not sealed against free movement of air is protected from condensation with anti-condensation heaters and thermostatically controlled. 1.5 Substation / Electricity Meter/ Lamp Post Location of electricity meter or the substation. There is adequate street lighting provided around the plant and the number of lamp post provided is 2 .All buildings and major process units at the treatment facility are lighted adequately. 1.6 Buffer Zone The following buffer zone requirements satisfied? 30 m minimum from fence to nearest habitable building property line within residential and commercial development 20 m minimum from the fence of treatment plant to the nearest property line within industrial development 10 m minimum from the fence of the treatment plant to the nearest habitable building property line if the proposed treatment plant is fully enclosed. 1.7 Effluent Discharge Point Where is the location of effluent discharge point for the facility and is it clearly indicated on the layout drawings with relation to existing receiving water bodies. 1.8 Water Supply If tankers and desludging activities take place, there is provision for stand pipes for cleaning purposes. the stand pipe is located and location for toilets for operators to change and clean themselves after work is found within the same building at the reception, near the laboratory room. 2.0 Screen Chamber (Fine And Coarse Screens) 2.1 Bar Screens Dewatering or perforated plate or trough, provided for ease of maintenance of the screens 2.2 Mechanically Raked Screens Automatic conveyor to transfer screenings to skips. Screen motor located above the high water level and access provided for maintenance. Provision of explosion proof floodlights. Provision of emergency stop button at a convenient and visible location .A working platform for ease of operations and maintenance. Provision of hand rail or guard (Refer to item 1.3) .Location of screening bins must be near the screen area. Bins provided should have adequate capacity and must be equipped with leachate collection tray and covers to prevent odour release. Bins should be provided with rollers. 2.3 General Provision of staircase access with sufficient width (Refer to item 1.3) .All screen chamber sumps to be fully open at the top for good ventilation. Inlet penstock provided to isolate the inlet works for maintenance purposes. All drive units shall be weatherproof 3.0 Pump Sump Emergency overflow pipe to by-pass the influent sewage during power failure (away from residents) and location of overflow pipe discharge. Provision of crane for maintenance purposes .Sufficient access to the pump station either from the top surface or via entry from the screen chamber .Is dry well provided with force ventilation and air outlet shall be located adjacent to pump motors to assist cooling .Lighting systems shall be interconnected with ventilation .Provision of handrails and MS grating (Refer to item 1.3). If the valve chamber is located in the sump, the opening of the valve chamber shall be enclosed with MS grating .Provision of working space or platform for ease of operation in both wet well and valve chamber .Dry well adequately lit and it should be weather proof, vapour proof and explosion proof. Miscellaneous Issue 4.0 Grit Chamber Provision of working platform along the grit channel. Provision of handrails or guardrail at exposed sumps or elevated working areas (Refer to item 1.3). Provision of grit storage bin or skip with rollers, perforated tray and covers . Easy access to the grit removal facility by dump trucks and sufficient maneuver space (Refer item 1.2). To provide a chute to remove the grit into the skips. To provide sufficiently big grit chamber for ease of maintenance. To provide a drain pipe to drain water into the pump sump to avoid ponding. Provide steps into the chamber (pump). Misc Issues 5.0 Grease Chamber Provision of working platform along the grease chamber .Provision of hopper to collect scum and grease. Provision of handrails or guardrail at exposed sumps or elevated working areas. (Refer to item 1.3) Provision of grease storage tank with rollers and with drain pipes and valves at the bottom of the tank for removal of settled solids .Easy access to the grease removal facility by dump trucks and sufficient maneuver space. (Refer to item 1.2) .Staircases must not be beneath the walkway (staircase need to be away from walkway) Miscellaneous Issue 6.0 Blower Room/Control Panel Or Room Provision of acoustic enclosures for blowers including acoustic door .Provision of exhaust fan with silencer to circulate air around the blower room. Toilet facilities to be isolated from the blower room due to heat and noise hazards. Provision of lifting davit for maintenance of the blowers. Provision of rotating strobe light at the control room to indicate malfunction of blower or other equipment.Provision of adequate space for blower removal or installation during maintenance. Water storage tank to be located in such a way that water will not splash on the control panels. Control panels in the Blower/Control Panel room is to be isolated from the blower room .Allow at least 900 mm access space even when cabinet doors and the like are open. Miscellaneous Issue 7.0 Balancing Tanks Sufficient walking or working space along the tanks .Provision of handrails or guards if the tanks are elevated. (Refer to item 1.1 on handrail and guard rail)Miscellaneous Issue 8.0 Primary / Secondary Clarifier 9.0 Biological Treatment System 10.0 Sludge Thickener Provision of adequate walking or working space .Provision of potable/clean water for regular cleaning of the overflow weir .Provision of force main type of pipe from the thickener to the sludge holding tank .Desludging pipe provided to be situated above ground All sludge holding tanks to be on sloped flooring 11.0 Sludge Holding Tank . Adequate access for desludging tanker. (Refer to item 1.2 on access road) Provision of desludging pipe (if the sludge holding tank is elevated) appropriately positioned. Sufficient walking or working space along the sludge holding tank. (Refer to item 1.3). Provision of handrails or guards if the sludge holding tank is elevated. (Refer to item 1.1 on handrail and guard rail) .Provision of desludging pipe either by force main or gravity flow. All sludge holding tanks to have isolating facilities. Each sludge holding tank to have separate feeding pipes with individual isolating valves. The top level of holding tanks to be approximately 6 inches above ground should the tank be below ground level. Overflow pipe from sludge holding tank to the aeration tank to be of sufficient diameter to prevent possibility of the pipe choking. Miscellaneous Issues The key components of the wastewater-treatment plant each play an important role in the treatment process. The bar screens, primary and secondary clarifiers, aeration basins, and disinfection and effluent pumping station all must be in proper working order. Damage to any one of these components could result in inadequately treated wastewater. Wastewater-treatment facilities plan for natural disasters, but protecting the plant from attack has not been a high priority. Many facilities now are considering ways to improve their security. Experts have identified the headworks, where the wastewater first enters through the collection system, as particularly vulnerable to attack. Restricting or blocking the flow of the wastewater into the facility could cause backups throughout the collection system, creating a public health hazard. In St Martin, the wastewater facility access road connecting it to a main highway. There is the concerned that access to and within the treatment plant could be blocked by hurricane or storm-tide conditions. There is a guard at the main entrance. Nonetheless, the property is still vulnerable to acts of nature and terrorism. The impediment of movement to and from St Martins property would cause major problems with both response and evacuation. The sewage system uses pumping stations when gravity is insufficient to move waste. One expert explained in the Andress report, One pumping station has the capacity to pump 25 thoun gallons of wastewater per day. Another expert added that, Destroying or disabling a pumping station could cause the collection system to overflow raw sewage into the streets, and into surface waters, and back up sewage into homes and businessesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. The remoteness and geographic distribution of pumping stations, and their lack of continuous surveillance, make them particularly vulnerable. With approximately 60 miles of sewer pipes and more than 2 pumping stations, St Martin vulnerabilities are spread throughout 14 municipalities. An overflow of raw sewage could threaten the health of humans, wildlife and the environment of Southern St Martin. According to GAO, wastewater facilities increasingly are using control systems, such as the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition network. These systems monitor and control operations from a central location. Misuse of the SCADA could cause too-high or too-low levels of chemicals to be introduced into the treatment process, reduction in biological treatment levels or the collection system to be shut down remotely. Many remote systems can still be worked manually but the personnel must be available when the time comes. In the case of the St Martin, the buildings on the property have a limited fire-protection infrastructure. The main control room in the operations building, with all the electrical equipment that controls the wastewater operations, is not even protected by a halon system. There are smoke detectors, but when activated, the alarm must be called in manually to 911 dispatcher Wastewater-treatment facilities present additional concerns to first responders. Regardless of the disinfecting agent used, there still will be hazardous materials on site. Laboratories also are likely to be on site, which should always raise a red flag. SARA Title III requires all hazardous materials to be inventoried on three separate forms. The forms, OCC-51A (small quantities), OCC-51B (small quantities in a laboratory) and OCC-51C (large quantities), must be filed with the locations fire and police departments. These forms also list the locations of each hazardous material and how many people work in that building. Additionally, Materials Safety Data Sheets for each chemical should be kept on site for use in the event of an emergency. As with any industrial facility, power is a concern to first responders. Wastewater-treatment facilities use electricity to collect and treat wastewater and discharge the clean effluent. There is a trend toward using alternative sources to generate this electricity. Methane gas produced during the anaerobic digester process can be used to generate part of the plants electricity. Methane gas adds to the list of hazardous materials and make for potential confined-space and high-angle rescues. Both scenarios present additional dangers that must be planned for during any risk analysis. All the wastewater operations are redundant, so the entire facility can continue to operate at a reduced capacity if part of the system breaks down or is in need of maintenance. Of its five primary clarifiers, six aerations basins and six secondary clarifiers, any number can be shut down temporarily as long as one of each is running. Problems would arise if an entire component were disabled and sewage were restricted or blocked the flow of wastewater through the facility. The clarifiers, aeration basins,, pumping stations and sewage pipes are all permit-required confined-spaces as defined by Occupational Safety and Health Administration. These areas create hazards to both employees and rescue workers. Wastewater-treatment facilities should have policies in place as guidelines for their employees to operate under when working in these areas. First responders are not responsible for the daily operations of a wastewater-treatment facility and have little or no control over how the utility is run. They are, however, tasked with responding to emergency incidents that arise in the course of their operations. Performing a risk analysis helps understand what types of emergencies they are likely to encounter and where those are likely to be. An incident at a wastewater-treatment facility is likely to involve multiple agencies. In addition to the fire department, personnel and resources from law enforcement agencies, environmental authorities and public health care facilities may be called on to work together. The likelihood of a successful outcome will be greater if there is communication and coordination between these entities beforehand. Information gathered from a risk analysis should be shared among those likely to be involved. Ultimately this information should lead to training drills and tabletop exercises. Wastewater Treatment Workers Wastewater treatment workers treat sewer and storm water to remove impurities and then release the water to rivers, oceans, or recycled irrigation and landscaping networks. Operators in waste water plants use mechanical equipment, treatment tanks, and chemicals to clean the water. This variety of processes can pose a mixture of hazards to workers. Because there is so much water involved in the treatment process, slips, trips, and falls are the main hazard for waste water treatment workers. Practice good housekeeping by sweeping up or squeegeeing water puddles. Mark areas that are prone to puddling. Fix leaks promptly. Use flooring surfaces that provide traction. Wear shoes that have a non-slip sole. Confined spaces are a serious concern at water treatment facilities. Exposures to a low oxygen environment or high levels of hydrogen sulfide, methane gas, or ammonia can cause serious illness or death. Survey the areas for explosion potential from flammable gas and water engulfment in times such as heavy rain and flooding. Survey the entire facility for areas with limited egress and other hazard potential. Use proper confined space procedures, personal protective equipment (PPE), and ambient air and personal monitoring to ensure your safety. Engulfment and/or drowning in treatment tanks are hazards at treatment plants. Put guard rails around all open water sources. Keep rescue equipment such as floats and hooks available near all tanks. If you will be doing work at height over an unguarded tank, consider fall protection gear and keep a coworker nearby to monitor you. When you lift grates over waterways and tanks for access, cordon off the area and place hazard warning signs to prevent accidental falls. Water treatment plants have pumps and valves for moving water and many moving parts such as screens, belt presses, and conveyors remove debris and move sludge. This equipment can cause caught/crush hazards if you place a hand, arm, or foot too near a moving part. Guard all moving machinery and watch for these hazards while you work. Operating this equipment in a wet environment requires maintenance and repair work, so use good work practices. Electrical safety is key when working in a wet environment, so work carefully. Also follow lockout/tagout procedures to guard against accidental equipment startup while you are working on it. Chemicals and biological hazards abound in water treatment. Use material safety data sheets (MSDS) to understand the properties, exposure limits, PPE, and emergency actions for your treatment chemicals. Good housekeeping controls odor and pests. Practice good hygiene by wearing gloves and washing your hands frequently. Decontaminate your clothing or change before you go home from work. Speak to your doctor and consider vaccination for some of the hazards that you may encounter. Waste water treatment can be a challenging work environment. Plants often operate continuously, so shift work and emergency work are common. Long work shifts wearing PPE can be tiring. To deal with the work load and job demands, get the rest you need and maintain your overall health. Outdoor work can expose you to cold, heat and the sun, so dress in comfortable layers and use sunscreen.

Slavery - A Cruel Institution :: Slavery Essays

Slavery as a Cruel Institution Cruelty can be defined as an inhumane action done to an individual or group of people that causes either physical or mental harm. Slavery, at its very core, was a cruel and inhumane institution. From the idea behind it to the way that it was enforced, it degraded the lives of human beings and forbade the basic liberties that every man deserves under the Constitution of the United States. Three major areas where cruelty was especially prevalent were in the slaves working conditions, living conditions, and loss of fundamental freedoms. Working conditions for slaves were about as bad as can possibly be imagined. Slaves worked from dawn till dusk and sometimes even longer. Solomon Northrup describes his experience as a slave on his Louisiana plantation: The hands are required to be in the cotton field as soon as it is light in the morning and with the exception of ten or fifteen minutes, which is given them at noon to swallow their allowance of cold bacon, they are not permitted a moment idle until it is too dark to see, and when the moon is full, they often times labor till the middle of the night (Northrup 15). The slaves lived in constant fear of punishment while at work, and it was that fear that drove them to obey. Northrup continues to say that, "No matter how fatigued and weary he may be†¦a slave never approaches the gin-house with his basket of cotton but with fear. If it falls short in weight—if he has not performed the full task appointed him, he knows he must suffer" (10). He goes on to explain that after weighing, "follow the whippings" (10). This was not the end of the workday for a common slave though. Each slave had his or her own respective chores to do. "One feeds the mules, another the swine—another cuts the wood, and so forth (Northrop 11). Then there were jobs to do in the slaves’ quarters, jobs that were necessary for their basic needs and survival: Finally, at a late hour, they reach the quarters, sleepy and overcome with the long day’s toil. Then a fire must be kindled in the cabin, the corn ground in the small hand-mill, and supper, and dinner for the next day in the field prepared (Northrup 12). The slaves got very little sleep because, "an hour before day light the horn is blown," and it was "an offense invariably followed by flogging, to be found at the quarters after daybreak" (Northrup 14).

Expanding your business to China Essay

There are many advantages to expanding your business to China. Not only is China considered one of the largest economies in the world, it also has a vast emerging market that is still growing (Startup Overseas). Although China has embraced many Western Business ethics and practices, there are still numerous cross-cultural differences that can make it difficult to succeed without sufficient research and knowledge of the culture. Examples of these cross cultural differences include the Chinese’ attitude toward work and workplace, the labor laws, and how Chinese businesses collaborate with other organizations. More differences include how we market and sell a product, and how pricing differs between our two countries. Perhaps the most important differences are those of ethical positions, such as child labor and sexism. A Chinese worker’s attitude toward the job and the workplace depends on what position they have in an organization. China is considered a collectivist society, which means the majority of people within the society act in the interests of the group and not necessarily themselves (Geert Hofstede, 2010). The United States is considered an individualistic society and emphasizes the importance of the individual. This also applies to the way these countries do business. A collectivist business may have a team of workers contributing to satisfy all the customers, whereas an individualistic business may have several individual representatives who each have their own client list. Another difference in the workplace is how large an organization’s Power Distance is. Power distance is the acceptance that all individuals in the society are not equal (Geert Hofstede, 2010). China has a very large power distance, which means its’ workers accept the fact that there is a hierarchy within the organization, and they know their place within that organization. They expect power within the business to be distributed unequally. The United States has a lower Power Distance acceptance, which means that workers don’t accept that power is distributed unequally within the organization, and they expect to be treated as equals to even the people in the highest positions of the business. The Chinese also accept that decision making comes from the top, whereas in the U.S., everyone wants their suggestion and opinion to be heard, and they do not always accept decisions that are made within the organization. The  differences between Chinese and U.S. labor laws are subtle, but still worth mentioning. In China, a normal working week is 44 hours, with a maximum of 48 hours (only 4 hours of overtime is allotted). In the U.S., a normal working week is 40 hours, with overtime paid on any hours worked over that 40. Maternity leave is up to 3 months paid in China. In the U.S., Maternity leave is up to 12 months unpaid (at the company’s discretion). Surprisingly, women in China make 80.5% of what men in the same position make, whereas in the U.S., women only make 70% of what men make in the same position (Guo). In China, businesses tend to put an emphasis on personal relationships between business partners. An initial business meeting will consist of getting to know the personality and lifestyles of the one you are entering into a relationship with (Graf). Chinese business owners will want a loyal friendship when considering associations. This system of social networks and influential relationships that facilitate business and other dealings is called guanxi (Mah, 2012). In the United States, owners of a business as well as the workers within that organization strive to keep their personal and professional lives different. Though some partners end up being friends, and many workers build friendships outside of the workplace, it is not the intention at the start of a business relationship. Gift giving is also a large cultural difference. In the United States, if a gift is given at the start of a business meeting, or the start of an association, it can be seen as bribery or a way to make businesses feel obligated in working together. Chinese organizations are much more accepting of gifts although certain etiquettes must be followed in order for the gift to be given in good faith (Culture Crossing Guide). For example, gifts must be nicely wrapped and may not be opened right away unless prompted to do so. Also, do not give any gifts such as clocks, flowers, or cutting instruments as it is considered disrespectful. Negotiation style is a major difference between the United States and China. In China, social context, personal relations, and non-verbal behavior are very important in negotiation. There are usually many people from the  company who attend the meeting to discuss any topics that need negotiation. Americans value legal contracts and documents over personal relationships, and do not put as much stock in body language. American businesses usually only send one or two people do the negotiating on behalf of the entire company. For the purposes of this paper, let us assume that an American Company has seen great success with its toy product. This company is looking to expand its business to China. There is usually a demand for toys in any country and in China, 17.1% (roughly 223 million) of the nation’s population is under 14 years old (Central Intelligence Agency). Research also shows that the total retail sales of toys in China have increased by 14.2% since 2010 (HKTDC Research, 2014). The Design of this toy would have to be carefully rethought, particularly if it is a doll or Barbie type toy. The doll would have to be remanufactured to suit the needs of the children in China. Skin Color, Clothing, and accessories would all need to be redesigned. For example, although most girl-intended American Dolls wear pink, pink is considered a gender-neutral color in China. The color white is also associated with death and mourning, so any â€Å"wedding dress† dolls would need to be recolored to the traditional Chinese color of red (KaiWen, 2010). The clothing of the doll would probably have to become more modest. In looking at Chinese dolls, most are dressed in Geisha style robes. The United States dolls tend to show more â€Å"skin.† The packaging of the doll would also have to be translated to Chinese. The company would also need to avoid any symbolism that might offend Chinese parents or even the government, such as any American paraphernalia, like the flag, or anything with a religious context, like a cross. Imagine the price of this toy is $5.00. The value of a $1.00 is equal to 117.78 ( ¥). That would mean that the exchange rate on the toy would be $588.90. But with the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) factor, we know that China’s market exchange rate is .6 (World Bank, International Comparison Program Database, 2014). This means that China would actually pay 60% of what the United States would pay for the toy. The price of the toy would be  353.34  ¥. This price could be adjusted depending on competition in the Chinese market. The American company would also need to increase the price based on exporting costs. A sale price, or discounted price, in China is also different from what a sale price would be considered in the United States. In the U.S., if a product is on sale, the advertisement might say â€Å"10% off.† In China, they advertise the percentage of the price that you would pay for, in this example â€Å"90%† (Tyson, 2014). Good times for sales would be around National Chinese Holidays, such as the Chinese New Year (Spring Festival), May Day, or the Mid-Autumn Festival. Several sales channels can be used to promote a product in China. Traditional avenues include major shopping centers, specialty stores, and franchise chains. There is also the internet platform and many sites such as Amazon or Baby.tmall.com. One of the best ways to break into the toy market in China is to have the toy include educational or technological aspects. This would help broaden the available channels of the toys to include museums, zoos, and electronic stores. This is very different from the United States, who tends to promote and market to the different genders. Most American toys are either for girls or for boys; there aren’t very many gender-neutral toys. Just like in the United States, China has import and trade regulations. Some of these regulations include import inspection (Regulations for the Administration of Inspection of Toy Imports and Exports), attention to the potential danger of toys, China Compulsory Certification (CCC), and standards such as plush toy fillings should be even and of an appropriate softness with no hard objects inside. It is also worth noting the Standardization Law of the People’s Republic of China, where four levels of standards are stipulated: national standards, industry standards, local standards, and enterprise standards. This company will have to adhere to all of these standard and regulations in order to export the toys from the United States to China. Another option for the company would be to open a factory in China, or use a preexisting Chinese toy factory to manufacture the toys and sell / distribute locally. In order to reach the more rural  areas of China, this company might consider making a deal with a Chinese company that already distributes to those small towns and rural areas. If this company does decide to open a factory in China, or utilize a preexisting factory, it will have to deal with ethical issues such as child labor, and sexism. Child labor has been a widely controversial issue for many years. The PRC Law on the Protection of Minors was first passed in 1991, and the newly revised Minors Protection Law entered the force in 2007. Many International rights documents have also been implemented by the UN (Library of Congress). Although the child labor conditions have been described as â€Å"improved† in China, there are actually no statistics or documentation to back it up. We still hear reports of Child Labor issues existing in China. As a company looking to do business in China, it is important to set certain standards within the organization that do not support and do penalize child labor. Although women in China make a higher percentage of what men make (80.5%) than what women in American make compared to men (70%), there is still a lot of sexism in the society and the culture of Chinese businesses. For example, women must always greet men first, and it is not acceptable for women to look men in the eye. Women are not allowed in higher or executive positions within the organization. Women are still expected to meet a nice man, get married, have children, and take care of the household. Not to mention the fact that having a son is extremely preferable to having a daughter in most Chinese families. While this behavior would be considered abhorrent (mostly) in Western cultures, foreign businesses may actually benefit from China’s oversight in regards to women. Foreign businesses may hire the talented women for executive positions that Chinese businesses have ignored or cast aside (Harris, 2010). While there are many differences between the Chinese culture and ethics from those of the United States, expanding a business in China can be mutually beneficial and successful. There is a balance between Chinese and American societies and laws that must be found, or all parties may be unhappy. Before growing your business to a foreign country, much research and planning must be done. Or, as the Chinese proverb says, â€Å"if a thing’s worth doing, it’s worth doing well.† Works Cited Central Intelligence Agency. (n.d.). The World Factbook: China. Retrieved from Central Intelligence Agency: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html Culture Crossing Guide. (n.d.). China. Retrieved from Culture Crossing Guide: http://guide.culturecrossing.net/basics_business_student.php?id=43 Geert Hofstede, G. J. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. New York: McGraw-Hill USA. Retrieved from The Hofstede Centre. Graf, R. (n.d.). 10 Major Cultural Differences Between China and the United States. Retrieved from Hubpages: http://hubpages.com/hub/10-Major-Cultural-Differences—China-and-the-UnitedStates Guo, B. (n.d.). China’s Labor Standards: Myths and Realities. Retrieved from academia.edu: http://www.academia.edu/165449/China_s_Labor_Standards_Myths_and_Realities Harris, D. (2010, 12 16). Sexism in Cina. A Good Thing for Foreign Business? Retrieved from China Law Blog: http://www.chinalawblog.com/2010/12/sexism_china_style_a_good_thing_for_foreign_busine ss.html HKTDC Research. (2014, 09 18). China’s Toy Market. Retrieved from HKTDC Research: http://chinatrade-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/China-Consumer-Market/China-s-toymarket/ccm/en/1/1X000000/1X002MRF.htm KaiWen. (2010, 11 09). Ask the Chinese Girl. Retrieved from Blogspot: http://ask-a-chineseguy.blogspot.com/2010/11/colors-in-chinese-culture.html Library of Congress. (n.d.). Children’s Rights: China. Retrieved from Library of Congress: http://www.loc.gov/law/help/child-rights/china.php Mah, R. (2012, 11 23). Cultural Differences Between America and China. Retrieved from World-Class Business Etiquette: http://www.etiquetteoutreach.com/blog_new-york-etiquetteguide/bid/92662/Cultural-Differences-Between-America-and-China Startup Overseas. (n.d.). Expanding a Business in China. Retrieved from Startup Overseas: http://www.startupoverseas.co.uk/expanding-a-business-in-china# Tyson, K.

Starry Night, by Vincent Van Gogh Analysis

Rebecca Shulman February 25, 2013 ENGL 205-04 Epic and Romance Paper #1: Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh, 1889 Swirls mix with white, yellow, blue, and black as the town sleepily yet still so helplessly moves on with its life. No one can truly understand the mystery of the night until they’ve watched it grow. The night is born so magically as the sun of the day descends over the horizon and the moon peeks in through the shadows. It’s a darker sun, and although it is not quite as bright as the first, it is still able to shine down and create a new light for those who wake.The earth is cooled to the core as the town howls with blue breezes, while the wind chills the bones of those who walk the streets. I ponder at this painting, and wonder what thoughts pop in the minds of those whose eyes before mine have already fallen upon this golden wonder. It seems like such a small and quiet village, where the trees, so dark and gloomy as they are at dusk, grow ascending from the ground and are never ending structures.Behind the eyes of the painter was the thought of an ever-changing starlit sky in France, comparing dark with light and how it’s effects were so important to how life can look in one of the many perspectives. The oils are swimming expectantly across the page, creating this wild cotton candy vibe to the soft creamy delight of sweets that enter my imagination while I sit and stare at the tinted buttercream colored moon.As it smiles in my direction, I imagine what it’d be like if there were tiny raindrops slowly falling, but there isn’t a single cloud among such radiant tiny balls of fire. The lines in the sky dance and twirl like waves of an ocean crashing along the shore during the mightiest of storms. I can’t help but wish that I could be a part of this memorable scene, thinking what it would feel like to swim amongst the honey dipped stars so high above me, as I raise my hands and lift my chin, aiming towards the he avens.I’d look below me as my arms spread so angelic, looking down toward the low-lit buildings as I surf around this world full of beautiful wild colors of nature. Though there is a glow throughout the drawing, there is also a clear exactitude of how the sky and land are separated by colors. Where the skies glow of yellow is stronger than it is near the ground, the brightness of the waning moon shows how far that beauty can shine over the land like a guide, or a distant friend.

Free Essays on Niagara Canada

Niagara Canada My visit to Ontario Canada was exciting and very informative. I have a friend named Shirley Holdesho that showed me around to some of her favorite sites. I didn’t think that there was going to be a lot to see in Canada but I soon found out that I was completely wrong. Shirley gave me some enlightenment on what her and her family likes to do. We first went to the Butterfly Conservatory. It is in the grounds of the Niagara Botanical Gardens. It is the home to one of the North Americas largest collection of free flying butterflies. This time of year it exhibits showcases a wide variety of butterflies from around the world living in lush, rain forest like environment. The Butterfly Conservatory features a 183m network of pathways that provide access for the physically challenged throughout the 1,022 square meter conservatory, allowing us to watch numerous species of butterflies floating among nectar producing flowers. They are open everyday except for Christmas. She told me that the Butterfly Park is one of Niagara’s premier and most popular attractions. Shirley and I then went shopping at one of her favorite spots. We went to the Clifton Store. It is located at the foot of the Clifton Hill, just north of the Maid of the Mist Centre. This store is pretty old but still maintains its structure. It was built in 1937. It offers you a selection of specialty treats that we of course tried. I didn’t want to get out of my environment completely so I tried what I thought I might like. I tried some of there fudge which was made right in front of us. It was a little sweet but tolerable. They had this stuff called candy floss but I don’t know exactly what it was. We also went to this place called Alien Encounters. It is actually a museum/haunted house. They have full scale alien figures from your favorite Sci-Fi movies. They have film footage about Roswell. They also have footage on an... Free Essays on Niagara Canada Free Essays on Niagara Canada Niagara Canada My visit to Ontario Canada was exciting and very informative. I have a friend named Shirley Holdesho that showed me around to some of her favorite sites. I didn’t think that there was going to be a lot to see in Canada but I soon found out that I was completely wrong. Shirley gave me some enlightenment on what her and her family likes to do. We first went to the Butterfly Conservatory. It is in the grounds of the Niagara Botanical Gardens. It is the home to one of the North Americas largest collection of free flying butterflies. This time of year it exhibits showcases a wide variety of butterflies from around the world living in lush, rain forest like environment. The Butterfly Conservatory features a 183m network of pathways that provide access for the physically challenged throughout the 1,022 square meter conservatory, allowing us to watch numerous species of butterflies floating among nectar producing flowers. They are open everyday except for Christmas. She told me that the Butterfly Park is one of Niagara’s premier and most popular attractions. Shirley and I then went shopping at one of her favorite spots. We went to the Clifton Store. It is located at the foot of the Clifton Hill, just north of the Maid of the Mist Centre. This store is pretty old but still maintains its structure. It was built in 1937. It offers you a selection of specialty treats that we of course tried. I didn’t want to get out of my environment completely so I tried what I thought I might like. I tried some of there fudge which was made right in front of us. It was a little sweet but tolerable. They had this stuff called candy floss but I don’t know exactly what it was. We also went to this place called Alien Encounters. It is actually a museum/haunted house. They have full scale alien figures from your favorite Sci-Fi movies. They have film footage about Roswell. They also have footage on an...

Week 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Week 4 - Essay Example Pacific Asia and China have embraced trade and industry systems that work for them and guarantee them strong economic growth, while some nations in East Europe such as Russia and Africa, have rather failed to embrace ideal commerce strategies, for most of their economies are yet to register substantial growth. In the process of using the available means to yield goods and services, both the private and public industries within America have to deal with both the product and the resource markets. The product market is majorly classified into four categories, which includes the competitive segment, as well as those sectors that exhibit monopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. Similarly, the resource market is classified into labor, capital and land. Presently, the labor market is experiencing decline in unionization and government intervention. The capital market also comprises of financial intermediaries like banks, with the public sector accounting for 20% of the economy. Labor unionization in America has registered significant decline over the last fifty years with the percentage declining from 35% in the 1950s to 11.3% in 2012. The implementation of unfriendly labor laws is one of the reasons for the decline in labor unionization, for legislations such as the Taft-Harley Act of 1947 and the Right-to-Work law, which has been implemented in over 20 States have made it difficult for unions to perform their duties freely. Another reason for the decline is the process of establishing unions, as the duration between petitioning the National Labor Relations Board and the union election is always long, and allows employers to campaign against formation of

Business Administration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Business Administration - Research Paper Example The company endeavors to achieve this success. Guaranteeing customers 100 percent customer satisfaction. Contracting value oriented distributors so as to insure a value friendly service to our deemed customers. Constantly training our distributors to ensure that they are equipped with the necessary knowledge. Provide high quality products branded with our company logo so as to differentiate them from those of our competitors. Highlights 1.6 Objectives To open and operate a successful distribution shop in the New-York city which will employ more full time employees after the first year of operation. Achieve first year sales of $100,000 Maintain an average gross margin of 20 per cent Produce a net profit of at least 20,000 by the end of the second year of operation 1.7 Keys to success Innovative quality products Access to various manufacturers in India and China The principal owner being students will have an upper hand in distributing the products across the institutions of higher learning in the United States Fully integrated programs to help customers increase sales through creative promotions, advertising and cost marketing materials. 2.0 COMPANY SUMMARY Ones tone kitchenware is a new company located in New York and will be established on the basis of the following plan. 2.1 Company ownership One stone kitchenware is a privately owned company in total by the founders Davis Jones and Kelly Mark 2.2 Start up summary The start up expenses total $15,000 and include expenses such as advertising, equipment, IT facilities, legal health and safety regulations. Start up asset include $10,000 cash requirements $17,000 and $50,000 office furniture and starting inventory respectively. These starts up costs will be financed through a loan from...Onestone needs to create awareness to the retailer and the consumer through advertisements in newspapers made and network of salaries and common based sales representatives. Kitchenware products as an industry are a very mature industry that is a crowded with many suppliers and distributors. However many of these suppliers and distributors concentrate on electrical products hence we sell that by concentrating on efforts on non-electrical kitchen products we will acquire a sufficient market share over the next five years. Our initial start up cost will amount to x,000 of which P,000 will be used to rent operating premises purchase equipment install IT facilities, pay insurance for our shop and for the premises and for other health and safety registration. The balance will be used to create awareness to our deemed customers. The start up expenses total $15,000 and include expenses such as advertising, equipment, IT facilities, legal health and safety regulations. Start up asset include $10,000 cash requirements $17,000 and $50,000 office furniture and starting inventory respectively. One stone has identified five unique types of non-electrical kitchenware whose demand is very high in the United States and more especially among students in the institutions of high